SKYWARN is a program of the U.S. National Weather Service (NWS) where trained volunteers act as “spotters” to provide real-time, ground-level observations of severe weather to NWS forecasters. These volunteer reports, which include details on hail size, wind speed, and storm structure that technology can’t always see, are critical for issuing timely and accurate warnings for tornadoes, severe thunderstorms, and other hazardous weather, ultimately helping to save lives and property. The program offers free training to the public, and spotters report what they observe to the NWS to provide crucial “ground truth” during severe weather events.

What is the role of a SKYWARN spotter?

Provide “Ground Truth”:

Spotters give the NWS a direct view of weather events, offering information that radar and satellites may not capture, such as the exact size of hail or the presence of a funnel cloud.

Identify Storm Features:

Spotters are trained to recognize and report specific features associated with severe thunderstorms and tornadoes.

Report Hazardous Conditions:

They report on a wide variety of weather hazards, including tornadoes, severe thunderstorms, flash floods, heavy snow, and even wildfires.

Inform the Public:

Spotter reports help NWS forecasters issue more accurate and timely warnings to the public, giving people the precious time needed to take shelter and protect themselves.

How does the SKYWARN program work?

Volunteer Program:

The NWS operates the program, which consists of a large network of trained volunteers.

Free Training:

The NWS provides free training sessions to teach volunteers about severe weather basics, storm structure, and how to report information effectively.

Communication Link:

Volunteers often use telephones or amateur radio to relay their observations to local NWS offices.

Community Effort:

The program involves various groups, including police and fire personnel, utility workers, amateur radio operators, and concerned private citizens.

Why is SKYWARN important?

Saves Lives:

By providing critical, real-time information, spotters give communities crucial minutes to react to dangerous weather.

Complements Technology:

SKYWARN spotters complement modern weather detection tools like Doppler radar, adding a layer of human observation that enhances the accuracy and effectiveness of warnings.